@charset "UTF-8";
:root{--ink:#102e3a;--muted:#4f646d;--paper:#fff;--wash:#f1f5f6;--line:#cedadd;--blue:#245acb;--accent:#daef9e;--serif:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;--sans:Inter,"Helvetica Neue",Arial,sans-serif}
*{box-sizing:border-box}html{scroll-behavior:smooth;scroll-padding-top:2rem}body{margin:0;color:var(--ink);background:var(--paper);font-family:var(--sans);font-size:1rem;line-height:1.65;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased}a{color:inherit;text-decoration:none}a:hover{color:var(--blue)}a:focus-visible,button:focus-visible{outline:3px solid var(--blue);outline-offset:5px;border-radius:2px}p,h1,h2,h3,h4,figure{margin:0}img{max-width:100%;display:block}button{font:inherit}svg{max-width:100%}.shell{width:min(1240px,calc(100% - 96px));margin-inline:auto}.skip-link{position:absolute;top:-100px;left:24px;padding:12px 20px;background:var(--ink);color:white;z-index:20}.skip-link:focus{top:12px}.site-header{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);position:relative;z-index:10}.header-inner{min-height:96px;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:28px}.wordmark{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:10px;font-size:1.7rem;font-weight:750;letter-spacing:-.06em;line-height:1.2;flex-shrink:0}.wordmark-lab{font-weight:400;letter-spacing:-.04em}.main-nav{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:19px;font-size:.875rem}.main-nav>a{white-space:nowrap;padding-block:10px;border-bottom:1px solid transparent}.main-nav>a[aria-current="page"],.main-nav>a:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue)}.menu-toggle{border:1px solid var(--line);background:white;border-radius:2px;padding:8px 14px;cursor:pointer;align-items:center;gap:16px}.menu-toggle:not([hidden]){display:none}
.eyebrow{font-size:.75rem;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.15em;font-weight:650;line-height:1.6}.short-rule{width:25px;height:2px;background:var(--blue)}h1{font-family:var(--serif);font-size:clamp(2.6rem,4.2vw,3.85rem);font-weight:400;line-height:1.13;letter-spacing:-.052em}h1 em,h2 em{font-weight:400;color:var(--blue)}h2{font-family:var(--serif);font-size:clamp(2rem,3.15vw,2.8rem);font-weight:400;line-height:1.18;letter-spacing:-.04em}h3{font-size:1.1875rem;line-height:1.4;font-weight:600;letter-spacing:-.02em}h4{font-size:1rem;font-weight:600}
.section-space{padding-block:76px}.research{background:var(--wash);border-block:1px solid var(--line)}.section-heading{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:20px 72px;align-items:end}.section-heading>.eyebrow{grid-column:1/-1}.section-heading>p:last-child{max-width:490px;justify-self:end;color:var(--muted);font-size:1.0625rem;line-height:1.65;padding-bottom:3px}.section-heading>.text-link{justify-self:end;align-self:end;margin:0}.research-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr));gap:34px;margin-top:48px}.research-area{border-top:1px solid #9cb0b8;padding-top:20px}.area-index{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;margin-bottom:24px}.area-index span:first-child{font-size:1.1875rem;font-family:var(--serif);font-style:italic;color:var(--blue)}.area-index span:last-child{font-size:.75rem;color:var(--muted)}.research-area h3{margin-bottom:13px;min-height:1.4em}.research-area>p{color:var(--muted);font-size:1rem;line-height:1.75}.research-area .area-topics{margin-top:24px;font-size:.875rem;color:var(--ink)}.section-end{margin-top:32px}.text-link{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:22px;margin-top:26px;font-weight:550;border-bottom:1px solid var(--ink);padding-bottom:6px;font-size:.9375rem}.text-link span{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1}.text-link:hover{border-color:var(--blue)}.inline-link{display:inline-flex;gap:9px;font-size:.875rem;color:var(--blue);border-bottom:1px solid transparent}.inline-link:hover{border-color:var(--blue)}.work-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr));gap:28px;margin-top:44px}.work-card{border:1px solid var(--line);display:flex;flex-direction:column}.work-visual{height:220px;padding:18px 18px 2px;background:#eef3f8;color:#265073}.visual-1{background:#edf3ed;color:#355344}.visual-2{background:#f0f1f6;color:#545976}.visual-caption{font-size:.625rem;letter-spacing:.13em;font-weight:600;display:block}.work-visual svg{width:100%;height:170px;font-family:var(--sans)}.work-body{padding:25px;display:flex;flex-direction:column;align-items:flex-start;flex:1}.card-meta{font-size:.75rem;line-height:1.6;color:var(--muted);margin-bottom:12px}.work-card h3{font-family:var(--serif);font-size:1.55rem;line-height:1.2;letter-spacing:-.025em;margin-bottom:14px}.work-body>p:not(.card-meta){font-size:.9375rem;line-height:1.75;color:var(--muted);margin-bottom:20px}.work-body .text-link{margin-top:auto}.news-home{border-top:1px solid var(--line)}.news-list{margin-top:38px}.news-row{display:grid;grid-template-columns:135px 1fr 25px;gap:28px;padding:26px 0;border-top:1px solid var(--line);align-items:start}.news-date{font-size:.875rem;line-height:1.6;color:var(--ink)}.news-date span{display:block;font-size:.75rem;color:var(--muted);margin-top:6px}.news-row h3{margin-bottom:6px;font-size:1.125rem}.news-row p{font-size:.9375rem;color:var(--muted);max-width:780px}.row-arrow{font-size:1.4rem}.join-band{background:var(--ink);color:white}.join-grid,.two-column{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:96px}.join-band h2{margin-top:20px}.join-band h2 em{color:var(--accent)}.join-band .join-grid>div:last-child>p:first-child{font-size:1.125rem;line-height:1.7;color:#d6e3e8}.button-row{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:22px;align-items:center;margin-top:26px}.button{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;gap:24px;padding:12px 20px;background:var(--ink);border:1px solid var(--ink);color:white;font-size:.9375rem;font-weight:550;border-radius:2px}.button:hover{background:var(--blue);border-color:var(--blue);color:white}.button-light{background:var(--accent);border-color:var(--accent);color:var(--ink)}.button-light:hover{background:white;border-color:white;color:var(--ink)}.light-link{display:inline-flex;gap:12px;border-bottom:1px solid #77929e;padding-block:5px;font-size:.9375rem}.light-link:hover{color:var(--accent)}.small-note{font-size:.8125rem!important;line-height:1.7!important;color:var(--muted);margin-top:20px}.join-band .small-note{color:#c0d1d8}.join-band a:focus-visible{outline-color:var(--accent)}
.site-footer{background:var(--ink);color:#d2e2e8;border-top:1px solid #38515b;padding:44px 0 24px}.footer-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.3fr 1.1fr .8fr;gap:45px}.footer-brand{font-size:1.6rem;font-weight:650;letter-spacing:-.03em;color:white}.site-footer p{font-size:.8125rem;margin-top:10px}.site-footer .footer-label{font-size:.75rem;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.12em;margin:0 0 14px;color:#b5cbd4}.site-footer a{font-size:.875rem}.site-footer .footer-brand{font-size:1.6rem}.site-footer a:hover{color:var(--accent)}.footer-links{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:8px}.footer-bottom{border-top:1px solid #38515b;padding-top:22px;margin-top:34px;display:flex;justify-content:space-between;gap:20px;font-size:.75rem;color:#b5cbd4}.site-footer a:focus-visible{outline-color:var(--accent)}
.page-intro{padding-top:68px;padding-bottom:55px}.page-intro .eyebrow{margin-bottom:22px;color:var(--blue)}.page-description{font-size:1.125rem;color:var(--muted);max-width:730px;margin-top:26px;line-height:1.75}.page-jump{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:16px 28px;padding-bottom:28px;font-size:.875rem}.page-jump a{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}.page-jump a:hover{border-color:var(--blue)}.direction-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr));gap:42px;margin-top:42px}.direction-grid h3{margin-bottom:14px}.direction-grid p{color:var(--muted)}.index-label{display:block;font-family:var(--serif);font-size:1.5rem;font-style:italic;color:var(--blue);margin-bottom:15px}.publications-section{background:var(--wash);border-block:1px solid var(--line)}.list-heading{margin-top:48px;margin-bottom:20px;font-size:1.1875rem}.publication{padding:28px 0;border-top:1px solid var(--line);scroll-margin-top:30px;max-width:1000px}.publication h3{font-family:var(--serif);font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:400;line-height:1.35;max-width:950px;margin-top:10px}.pub-meta{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:13px;color:var(--muted);font-size:.8125rem}.status{font-size:.6875rem;letter-spacing:.055em;text-transform:uppercase;border:1px solid #b9cbd0;border-radius:2px;padding:2px 7px;color:var(--ink)}.authors{margin-top:10px;color:var(--muted);font-size:.9375rem}.authors strong{font-weight:600;color:var(--ink)}.venue{margin-top:4px;color:var(--muted);font-size:.875rem}.pub-links{display:flex;gap:22px;margin-top:10px}.two-column>.prose{padding-top:3px}.two-column h2{margin-top:20px}.two-column>h2{margin-top:0}.prose p{margin-bottom:18px}.prose p:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.prose{color:var(--muted)}.prose a:not(.button):not(.text-link){color:var(--blue);text-decoration:underline;text-underline-offset:3px}.plain-list{padding-left:21px;margin:16px 0 28px}.plain-list li{padding-left:4px;margin-bottom:10px}
.profile-section{display:grid;grid-template-columns:280px 1fr;gap:88px;padding-top:32px;padding-bottom:76px}.profile-photo img{width:280px;height:323px;object-fit:cover;border-radius:2px}.profile-photo .eyebrow{margin-top:22px;color:var(--blue)}.profile-photo h2{font-size:2rem;margin:6px 0 12px}.profile-photo>a{font-size:.9375rem;color:var(--blue)}.profile-copy{padding-top:0;max-width:730px}.profile-copy h2{margin-top:12px}.profile-copy p:not(.eyebrow){margin-top:20px;color:var(--muted)}.profile-copy .profile-role{color:var(--ink)!important;font-weight:550}.profile-copy p a{color:var(--blue);text-decoration:underline;text-underline-offset:3px}.profile-topics{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:9px;margin-top:27px}.profile-topics span{background:var(--wash);border:1px solid var(--line);font-size:.75rem;padding:4px 9px}.profile-links{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px 23px}.profile-links .text-link{margin-top:23px}.collaborator-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));gap:35px}.collaborator-card{border:1px solid var(--line);display:grid;grid-template-columns:170px minmax(0,1fr);align-items:start}.collaborator-card>img,.portrait-monogram{width:170px;height:205px;object-fit:cover;object-position:50% 24%}.portrait-monogram{display:grid;place-items:center;background:var(--wash);font-family:var(--serif);font-size:3.5rem;font-style:italic;color:var(--blue)}.collaborator-body{padding:24px}.collaborator-body .eyebrow{font-size:.625rem;letter-spacing:.08em;color:var(--blue);margin-bottom:9px}.collaborator-body h2{font-size:1.5rem;letter-spacing:-.025em}.collaborator-body p:not(.eyebrow){font-size:.875rem;color:var(--muted);margin-top:14px}.collaborator-body .collaborator-title{font-size:.75rem!important;margin-top:9px!important}.collaborator-body .profile-links{margin-top:18px}.news-archive{padding-bottom:70px}.news-archive .news-list{margin-top:0}.opportunity-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:38px;padding-bottom:72px}.opportunity-grid article{border:1px solid var(--line);padding:36px}.opportunity-grid .eyebrow{color:var(--blue);margin-bottom:23px}.opportunity-grid h2{font-size:2.3rem}.opportunity-grid p:last-child{color:var(--muted);margin-top:23px}.academic-content{padding-bottom:76px}.archive-heading{font-size:2rem;margin-bottom:28px;margin-top:22px}.upcoming-talk{padding:30px;background:var(--wash);border-left:3px solid var(--blue);margin-bottom:52px}.upcoming-talk h3{margin:12px 0;font-family:var(--serif);font-size:1.7rem;font-weight:400}.upcoming-talk p:last-child{color:var(--muted)}.talk-group{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1.2fr;gap:58px;border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding:30px 0}.talk-group h3{font-family:var(--serif);font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:400;line-height:1.35}.talk-group ul{margin:0;padding:0;list-style:none}.talk-group li{display:flex;gap:18px;margin-bottom:18px;color:var(--muted);font-size:.9375rem}.talk-group li:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.talk-year{font-size:.8125rem;min-width:36px;color:var(--blue);padding-top:2px}.talk-location{display:block;font-size:.8125rem;margin-top:2px}.award-row{display:grid;grid-template-columns:140px 1fr;gap:50px;border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding:30px 0}.award-year{font-family:var(--serif);font-size:1.6rem;color:var(--blue);line-height:1.4}.award-row h2{font-family:var(--sans);font-size:1.2rem;letter-spacing:-.02em;line-height:1.5;font-weight:550}.award-row p{color:var(--muted);margin-top:7px}.award-row .award-note{font-size:.875rem}.institution-heading{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;gap:20px;margin:35px 0 15px;padding-bottom:17px;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);font-size:1.15rem}.institution-heading span{font-size:.875rem;font-weight:400;color:var(--muted)}.course-row{display:flex;align-items:start;justify-content:space-between;gap:35px;padding:18px 0;border-bottom:1px solid #e5ecee}.course-row p{font-size:.8125rem;color:var(--muted);margin-top:3px}.course-row>span{font-size:.875rem;color:var(--muted);text-align:right}.service-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:38px 80px;margin-top:38px}.service-list{padding-left:20px;color:var(--muted);margin-top:15px}.service-list li{margin-bottom:12px;padding-left:3px;font-size:.9375rem}.service-list span{display:block;font-size:.8125rem}
@media(min-width:1440px){h1{font-size:4rem}}
@media(max-width:1120px){.main-nav{gap:16px;font-size:.8125rem}.shell{width:calc(100% - 64px)}.work-body{padding:22px}.collaborator-card{grid-template-columns:130px 1fr}.collaborator-card>img,.portrait-monogram{width:130px;height:170px}.collaborator-body{padding:20px}}
@media(max-width:1000px){.header-inner{flex-wrap:wrap;padding-block:22px;min-height:82px;gap:18px}.menu-toggle:not([hidden]){display:inline-flex}.main-nav{flex-basis:100%;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:12px 25px;font-size:.9375rem;padding-top:10px}.js .main-nav{display:none}.js .menu-open .main-nav{display:flex}.section-heading{gap:20px 42px}.research-grid{gap:26px}.research-area h3{font-size:1.1rem}.work-grid{gap:20px}.work-visual{padding-inline:12px;height:195px}.work-visual svg{height:148px}.work-body{padding:20px}.work-card h3{font-size:1.4rem}.join-grid,.two-column{gap:50px}.collaborator-grid{gap:24px}.collaborator-card{display:block}.collaborator-card>img,.portrait-monogram{width:100%;height:230px;object-fit:cover;object-position:50% 25%}.collaborator-body{padding:26px}.profile-section{gap:50px;grid-template-columns:240px 1fr}.profile-photo img{width:240px;height:277px}.direction-grid{gap:30px}}
@media(max-width:760px){h1{font-size:clamp(2.6rem,7.2vw,3.6rem)}.section-space{padding-block:54px}.section-heading{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:18px}.section-heading>p:last-child{justify-self:start;max-width:570px;font-size:1rem}.section-heading>.text-link{justify-self:start;margin-top:4px}.research-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:28px;margin-top:35px}.research-area{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1.6fr;gap:0 25px}.area-index{grid-column:1/-1;margin-bottom:15px}.research-area h3{font-size:1.1875rem}.research-area .area-topics{grid-column:2;margin-top:13px}.section-end{margin-top:8px}.work-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:25px}.work-card{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1.3fr}.work-visual{height:100%;min-height:235px;display:flex;flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;padding:20px}.work-visual svg{height:150px}.visual-caption{margin-bottom:8px}.work-body{padding:25px}.news-row{grid-template-columns:95px 1fr 20px;gap:18px}.join-grid,.two-column{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:30px}.join-band .join-grid>div:last-child>p:first-child{font-size:1rem}.footer-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:30px}.footer-links{grid-column:1/-1;flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:15px 25px}.footer-bottom{font-size:.6875rem}.direction-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:28px;margin-top:30px}.direction-grid article{border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding-top:20px}.page-intro{padding-top:44px;padding-bottom:38px}.page-description{font-size:1rem}.page-jump{font-size:.8125rem}.profile-section{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:38px;padding-top:24px}.profile-photo{max-width:300px}.profile-photo img{width:220px;height:254px}.profile-copy{max-width:650px}.profile-copy>h2{display:none}.profile-copy .profile-role{margin-top:12px!important}.collaborator-grid{gap:25px}.collaborator-card>img,.portrait-monogram{height:200px}.collaborator-body{padding:20px}.collaborator-body h2{font-size:1.4rem}.opportunity-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:25px}.opportunity-grid article{padding:28px}.opportunity-grid h2 br{display:none}.opportunity-grid h2{font-size:2rem}.talk-group{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:22px;padding-block:25px}.award-row{grid-template-columns:100px 1fr;gap:20px}.award-year{font-size:1.3rem}.service-grid{gap:25px;grid-template-columns:1fr}.institution-heading{flex-direction:column;gap:5px}.course-row{gap:20px}.course-row>span{max-width:180px}.academic-content{padding-bottom:55px}.upcoming-talk{padding:25px}.publication h3{font-size:1.4rem}}
@media(max-width:480px){.shell{width:calc(100% - 40px)}.wordmark{font-size:1.5rem}.wordmark svg{width:27px;height:27px}.header-inner{padding-block:18px;min-height:76px}.main-nav{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:8px 20px}.js .menu-open .main-nav{display:grid}.main-nav>a{padding-block:9px}h1{font-size:2.4rem}.section-space{padding-block:45px}.research-area{display:block}.research-area>p{font-size:1rem}.research-area .area-topics{margin-top:15px}.work-grid{margin-top:30px}.work-card{display:flex}.work-visual{min-height:0;height:210px;display:block;padding:18px 22px 8px}.work-visual svg{height:164px}.work-card h3{font-size:1.55rem}.work-body{padding:25px}.news-row{grid-template-columns:1fr 20px;gap:10px 14px;padding-block:22px}.news-date{grid-column:1/-1;display:flex;gap:14px;align-items:center}.news-date span{margin:0}.news-row h3{font-size:1.0625rem}.news-row p{font-size:.875rem}.button-row{gap:18px}.footer-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:26px}.footer-bottom{flex-direction:column;gap:7px}.footer-links{grid-column:auto}.page-intro .eyebrow{font-size:.6875rem}.collaborator-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr}.collaborator-card{display:grid;grid-template-columns:110px 1fr}.collaborator-card>img,.portrait-monogram{width:110px;height:145px}.collaborator-body{padding:19px 16px}.collaborator-body h2{font-size:1.35rem}.collaborator-body .eyebrow{font-size:.625rem}.collaborator-body p:not(.eyebrow){font-size:.8125rem}.collaborator-body .profile-links{gap:12px}.award-row{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:10px}.award-year{font-size:1.2rem}.award-row h2{font-size:1.1rem}.course-row{display:block}.course-row>span{display:block;text-align:left;max-width:none;margin-top:6px}.opportunity-grid article{padding:24px}.talk-group h3{font-size:1.35rem}.talk-group li{font-size:.875rem}.talk-year{font-size:.75rem}.small-note{font-size:.75rem!important}}
@media(prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){html{scroll-behavior:auto}}

/* University/lab branding: the supplied logo is unchanged; the frame hides only outer margins. */
.brand-lockup{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:14px;flex-shrink:0}
.nus-brand{display:block;position:relative;overflow:hidden;width:116px;height:64px;flex-shrink:0}
.nus-brand img{position:absolute;width:132px;height:69.54px;max-width:none;left:-8px;top:-3px}
.brand-lockup .wordmark{border-left:1px solid var(--line);padding-left:18px}
.header-inner{gap:24px}
/* Opening row: broad lab context and a compact PI identity. */
.hero{padding:64px 0 72px}
.hero-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1.4fr) minmax(0,1fr);gap:64px;align-items:center}
.hero-copy{min-width:0}
.hero .hero-copy>.eyebrow{display:flex;gap:12px;align-items:center;margin-bottom:24px}
.hero h1{font-size:clamp(2.8rem,4.25vw,3.75rem);line-height:1.12;letter-spacing:-.05em}
.hero h1 .initial-highlight{color:var(--blue);font-style:normal}
.hero-description{max-width:640px;margin-top:28px;font-size:1.0625rem;line-height:1.8;color:var(--muted)}
.hero-description strong{font-weight:550;color:var(--ink)}
.pi-intro{display:grid;grid-template-columns:190px minmax(0,1fr);gap:24px;align-items:center;width:100%;justify-self:end;max-width:466px}
.pi-portrait{width:190px;height:250px;object-fit:cover;object-position:50% 32%;border-radius:2px}
.pi-identity .eyebrow{font-size:.625rem;letter-spacing:.1em;margin-bottom:10px}
.pi-identity h2{font-size:2.1rem;line-height:1.3;margin-bottom:20px}
.name-zh{font-family:var(--sans);font-size:.55em;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:0;white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:middle}
.pi-identity p{font-size:.8125rem;line-height:1.6;color:var(--muted)}
.pi-appointment+.pi-appointment{margin-top:17px}
.pi-identity .pi-position{font-size:.9375rem;font-weight:600;color:var(--ink);margin-bottom:5px}
.pi-identity .pi-relation{font-size:.75rem;margin-bottom:4px}
.pi-identity .pi-unit{font-size:.875rem;line-height:1.6;color:var(--ink)}
.pi-unit a{text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-color:#a7bac3;text-decoration-thickness:1px;text-underline-offset:3px}
.pi-unit a:hover{color:var(--blue);text-decoration-color:currentColor}
.pi-identity .pi-affiliation{margin-top:18px;font-size:.75rem;color:var(--muted)}
@media(min-width:1440px){.hero{padding-block:80px}.hero-grid{gap:80px}.pi-intro{grid-template-columns:200px minmax(0,1fr)}.pi-portrait{width:200px;height:264px}}
@media(max-width:1120px){.brand-lockup{gap:10px}.brand-lockup .wordmark{padding-left:13px;font-size:1.5rem}.main-nav{gap:14px}.hero-grid{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1.4fr) minmax(0,1fr);gap:42px}.pi-intro{grid-template-columns:150px minmax(0,1fr);gap:20px}.pi-portrait{width:150px;height:205px}.pi-identity h2{font-size:1.85rem}.pi-identity .pi-unit{font-size:.8125rem}.hero h1{font-size:clamp(2.6rem,4.1vw,3rem)}}
@media(max-width:1000px){.header-inner{padding-block:10px}.hero{padding-block:48px}.hero-grid{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1.5fr) minmax(0,1fr);gap:42px}.hero h1{font-size:clamp(2.5rem,4.6vw,2.9rem)}.hero-description{font-size:1rem}.pi-intro{display:block;max-width:260px}.pi-portrait{width:170px;height:196px;margin-bottom:20px}.pi-identity h2{margin-bottom:14px}.pi-appointment+.pi-appointment{margin-top:12px}.pi-identity .pi-affiliation{margin-top:13px}}
@media(max-width:760px){.hero-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:36px}.hero-copy{max-width:650px}.hero h1{font-size:clamp(2.6rem,6.9vw,3.5rem)}.hero-description{margin-top:24px}.pi-intro{display:grid;grid-template-columns:165px minmax(0,1fr);gap:28px;max-width:none;padding-top:30px;border-top:1px solid var(--line);align-items:center}.pi-portrait{width:165px;height:212px;margin-bottom:0}.pi-identity h2{font-size:2rem}.pi-identity .pi-unit{font-size:.875rem}}
@media(max-width:480px){.header-inner{gap:10px;padding-block:9px}.brand-lockup{gap:9px}.nus-brand{width:80px;height:48px}.nus-brand img{width:90px;height:47.4px;left:-5px;top:0}.brand-lockup .wordmark{font-size:1.25rem;padding-left:10px;gap:6px}.wordmark svg{width:23px;height:23px}.menu-toggle{font-size:.8125rem;padding:7px 9px;gap:7px}.hero{padding-block:34px 44px}.hero .hero-copy>.eyebrow{margin-bottom:19px}.hero h1{font-size:clamp(2.05rem,8.8vw,2.65rem)}.hero-description{font-size:.9375rem;line-height:1.75;margin-top:22px}.pi-intro{grid-template-columns:120px minmax(0,1fr);gap:20px;padding-top:26px}.pi-portrait{width:120px;height:166px}.pi-identity .eyebrow{font-size:.5625rem;letter-spacing:.06em}.pi-identity h2{font-size:1.7rem;margin-bottom:13px}.pi-identity .pi-position{font-size:.8125rem}.pi-identity .pi-unit{font-size:.75rem;line-height:1.6}.pi-identity .pi-relation,.pi-identity .pi-affiliation{font-size:.6875rem}}

/* Homepage section names are the headings, with supporting copy beneath. */
.home-section-heading{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr);gap:14px;align-items:start}
.home-section-heading>h2{font-family:var(--sans);font-size:clamp(1.5rem,2.3vw,1.875rem);font-weight:600;line-height:1.3;letter-spacing:-.025em}
.home-section-heading .section-number{font-size:.65em;font-weight:500;letter-spacing:.04em;color:var(--blue);margin-right:8px}
.home-section-heading>p:last-child{justify-self:start;max-width:800px;padding-bottom:0}
.home-news-heading{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) auto;align-items:center;column-gap:24px}
.home-news-heading>.text-link{align-self:center}
@media(max-width:760px){.home-news-heading{grid-template-columns:1fr}.home-news-heading>.text-link{justify-self:start;margin-top:0}}

.home-section-heading .vision-criteria{display:inline-block;max-width:100%;margin-left:10px;font-size:1rem;font-weight:400;line-height:1.5;letter-spacing:0;color:var(--muted);vertical-align:middle}
@media(max-width:760px){.home-section-heading .vision-criteria{display:block;margin:8px 0 0}}

.hero-profile{width:100%;min-width:0;max-width:466px;justify-self:end}
.hero-profile .pi-intro{max-width:none}
.hero-invitation{margin-top:24px;padding-top:18px;border-top:1px solid var(--line);font-size:.9375rem;line-height:1.75;color:var(--ink)}
.hero-invitation .text-link{margin:0 0 0 4px;padding-bottom:1px;font-size:inherit;font-weight:500;gap:8px;line-height:1.3;white-space:nowrap}

.hero-invitation .hiring-label{display:inline;padding:3px 6px;border-radius:2px;background:var(--accent);color:var(--ink);font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-weight:700;white-space:nowrap}
@media(max-width:760px){.hero-profile{max-width:none;justify-self:stretch}}

@media(min-width:761px) and (max-width:1000px){.hero-grid{align-items:start}}

/* Research tags filter a single collaborator grid. */
.collaborator-body h2{font-family:var(--serif);font-weight:400;line-height:1.2}
.collaborator-filters{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:10px;margin-bottom:20px}
.collaborator-filters[hidden],.collaborator-card[hidden]{display:none}
.collaborator-filters button{border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:20px;background:var(--paper);color:var(--ink);font-size:.8125rem;line-height:1.5;padding:8px 15px;cursor:pointer;text-align:left;max-width:100%}
.collaborator-filters button:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue)}
.collaborator-filters button[aria-pressed="true"]{background:var(--ink);border-color:var(--ink);color:white}
.collaborator-results{font-size:.8125rem;color:var(--muted);margin-bottom:22px}
.collaborator-tags{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:6px 12px;list-style:none;padding:0;margin:16px 0 0;color:var(--blue);font-size:.6875rem;line-height:1.5}
.collaborator-tags li{border-bottom:1px solid #d2def2;padding-bottom:2px}
@media(max-width:480px){.collaborator-filters{gap:8px}.collaborator-filters button{padding:7px 12px}.collaborator-tags{gap:6px 10px}}

.page-intro h1.eyebrow{font-family:var(--sans);font-size:.75rem}

/* Team member cards share the site's restrained portrait-card style. */
.team-roster{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));gap:36px;padding-bottom:76px}
.member-group h2{font-family:var(--sans);font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:600;line-height:1.3;letter-spacing:-.025em;margin-bottom:22px}
.member-list{display:grid;gap:20px}
.member-card{display:grid;grid-template-columns:78px minmax(0,1fr);gap:22px;padding:26px;border:1px solid var(--line)}
.member-monogram{display:grid;place-items:center;width:78px;height:98px;background:var(--wash);color:var(--blue);font-family:var(--serif);font-size:2rem}
.member-copy h3{font-family:var(--serif);font-size:1.55rem;font-weight:400;line-height:1.25;letter-spacing:-.025em}
.member-copy p{font-size:.875rem;line-height:1.65;color:var(--muted);margin-top:12px}
.member-copy .member-role{font-size:.8125rem;color:var(--blue);margin-top:8px}
.member-placement strong{font-weight:600;color:var(--ink)}
@media(max-width:1000px){.team-roster{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:36px}.member-card{max-width:650px}}
@media(max-width:480px){.team-roster{padding-bottom:46px}.member-card{padding:20px;gap:16px;grid-template-columns:56px minmax(0,1fr)}.member-monogram{width:56px;height:76px;font-size:1.5rem}.member-copy h3{font-size:1.4rem}}

.member-copy .name-zh{display:inline-block;font-family:var(--sans);font-size:.72em;letter-spacing:0;white-space:nowrap}

/* Academic archives begin directly with their content. */
.visually-hidden{position:absolute;width:1px;height:1px;padding:0;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;clip-path:inset(50%);white-space:nowrap;border:0}
.academic-start{padding-top:32px}
.academic-start>.archive-heading:first-child{margin-top:0}
.page-jump.academic-start{padding-bottom:20px}
.academic-service{padding-top:36px}
@media(max-width:760px){.academic-start{padding-top:24px}.page-jump.academic-start{padding-bottom:16px}.academic-service{padding-top:28px}}

/* The Join opening leads with the current recruitment announcement. */
.join-intro{padding-block:32px 40px}
.join-intro h1{font-family:var(--sans);font-size:clamp(1.5rem,2.5vw,2rem);font-weight:600;letter-spacing:-.025em;line-height:1.35}
.join-intro .page-description{margin-top:14px;max-width:none}
@media(max-width:760px){.join-intro{padding-block:24px 32px}}

/* Recruitment details use compact sections rather than opportunity cards. */
.join-background{margin-top:20px;color:var(--muted);font-size:1rem;line-height:1.8}
.join-content{padding-bottom:50px}
.join-row{border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding-block:32px;scroll-margin-top:24px}
.join-row h2{margin-bottom:16px;font-family:var(--sans);font-size:1.375rem;font-weight:600;line-height:1.4;letter-spacing:-.025em}
.join-row .prose{max-width:none}
.join-row .prose strong{font-weight:600;color:var(--ink)}
.join-row .plain-list{margin-top:12px;margin-bottom:24px}
.join-row .plain-list li{margin-bottom:6px}
@media(max-width:760px){.join-row{padding-block:26px}.join-row h2{font-size:1.25rem;margin-bottom:14px}.join-content{padding-bottom:28px}}

/* Publication type and topic filters combine within the existing archive. */
.publication-filters{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(220px,1fr) minmax(0,2fr) auto;gap:18px 24px;align-items:end;margin-top:34px}
.publication-filters[hidden],.publication[hidden],.publication-group[hidden],.publication-reset[hidden],.publication-empty[hidden],.publication-results[hidden]{display:none}
.publication-filters label{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:8px;min-width:0;font-size:.8125rem;font-weight:600}
.publication-filters select{width:100%;min-width:0;min-height:46px;padding:10px 30px 10px 12px;border:1px solid #9cb0b8;border-radius:2px;background:var(--paper);color:var(--ink);font:inherit;font-size:.875rem;font-weight:400;text-overflow:ellipsis;cursor:pointer}
.publication-filters select:focus-visible{outline:3px solid var(--blue);outline-offset:3px}
.publication-reset{min-height:46px;padding:10px 0;border:0;background:transparent;color:var(--blue);font-size:.875rem;text-decoration:underline;text-underline-offset:4px;cursor:pointer}
.publication-results{margin-top:18px;font-size:.8125rem;color:var(--muted)}
.publication-directory .list-heading{margin-top:30px}
.publication-empty{margin-top:26px;color:var(--muted)}
.publication .pub-meta{flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px 13px}
.publication-topics{list-style:none;padding:0;margin:12px 0 0;display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:6px 16px;color:var(--blue);font-size:.8125rem}
@media(max-width:1000px){.publication-filters{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) minmax(0,1.5fr)}.publication-reset{justify-self:start;min-height:36px;padding:4px 0}}
@media(max-width:760px){.publication-filters{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr);gap:16px;margin-top:26px}.publication-filters select{font-size:1rem}.publication-results{line-height:1.6}}

.current-research{padding-block:40px 56px}
.current-directions{margin-top:0}
.current-directions h2{font-family:var(--sans);font-size:1.1875rem;font-weight:600;line-height:1.4;letter-spacing:-.02em;margin-bottom:14px}
@media(max-width:760px){.current-research{padding-block:28px 40px}.current-directions article:first-child{border-top:0;padding-top:0}}

.section-label{font-family:var(--sans)}

#future .direction-grid{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));gap:40px 64px}
@media(max-width:760px){#future .direction-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:28px}}

.papers-page .publication-filters{margin-top:0}
.papers-page .list-heading{font-family:var(--sans);font-weight:600;line-height:1.4;letter-spacing:-.02em}

/* Keep the opening and featured work close when Research vision is hidden. */
.hero{padding-bottom:24px}
.hero + .featured{padding-top:24px}

.featured .home-section-heading>h2{font-size:1.375rem}